Reflecting on Nigeria’s pre-colonial history, it’s clear that Africa once stood strong as a center of civilization, with developed systems in education, arts, science, and governance. Pre-colonial societies demonstrated forms of government with checks and balances and a strong emphasis on social welfare.
With colonization came the amalgamation of diverse societies into what is now Nigeria, creating a new identity under foreign rule. Colonial governance reshaped traditional systems, establishing minimal educational institutions designed to produce a workforce for colonial administration, and relegating prisons to holding areas for dissenters. Early psychiatric institutions were originally asylums for political dissenters diagnosed with mental illnesses under spurious theories about the African mind’s response to colonialism. This imposed system had little regard for the local population’s mental or social well-being.
Post-independence leaders struggled to unify the country and prioritize social welfare due to political discord, resulting in weak institutions. A lack of cohesive social welfare structures hampered the mental health and development of the populace. Successive military governments operated through decrees, overlooking public feedback and deepening socio-economic struggles. Families faced significant disruption, leading to social issues like drug abuse, teenage pregnancies, and school dropouts. Social institutions deteriorated, running on systems disconnected from the needs of citizens.
Nigeria’s institutions, from schools to hospitals, are often plagued by leadership that mirrors colonial and military-era elitism, where decision-making is concentrated among a privileged few. This top-down approach stifles national progress, hampers economic development, and limits citizen engagement. Unlike in more participatory democratic societies, where government serves to facilitate the well-being of all, Nigeria has historically seen leadership wielded as an instrument of personal power rather than public service.
A servant-leadership model within democratic governance could shift Nigeria from an autocratic, elitist approach to one that emphasizes collective participation and shared responsibility. Starting from the family unit, communities could harness each member’s potential and foster a sense of contribution. Such a model would combat the mental health issues arising from disempowerment and a lack of connection to leadership, which have plagued Nigeria’s development.
For genuine progress, Nigeria requires a cultural shift towards servant-leadership, where leaders prioritize the common good over personal gain. By strengthening democratic processes, ensuring citizens vote, and fostering leaders committed to inclusive governance, Nigeria can reshape its trajectory. A system where people feel their input matters would likely foster institutions that support mental health, social welfare, and collective advancement.
