The recent announcement by Borno State Governor Babagana Zulum that 160,000 Boko Haram terrorists and their families had surrendered has sparked renewed concerns over the Nigerian government’s approach to handling terrorism. This development coincided with the brutal beheading of 11 loggers by Boko Haram insurgents, raising doubts about the effectiveness of the government’s deradicalisation and reintegration programs.

While the government continues to promote “non-kinetic” approaches to counterinsurgency, such as the ‘Operation Safe Corridor’ rehabilitation program, there is growing frustration from victims and the public. Many feel that while terrorists are being “pampered” and released back into society, their victims remain neglected and their communities remain vulnerable to continued attacks.

Despite efforts to degrade the insurgency through military action, the atrocities continue. Boko Haram, familiar with the difficult terrain of northeastern Nigeria, has exploited the weaknesses of the Nigerian state, maintaining its stronghold in the region. Since 2009, the insurgency has claimed over 100,000 lives and displaced millions of people. Nigeria currently ranks as the fourth most terrorised country in Africa, according to the 2022 Global Terrorism Index.

A major criticism of the government’s strategy is its reluctance to prosecute terrorists and their financiers. Despite claims that insurgents have “repented” and denounced their membership in Boko Haram and other groups, critics argue that the mass release of former fighters without trials or sufficient vetting undermines national security. Some released militants have returned to terrorism, posing a threat to the gains made by the military in recent years.

The government’s decision not to prosecute or “name and shame” terrorism financiers has also raised concerns. Many believe that hardened terrorists and those behind the insurgency should face trial to ensure justice and accountability. Critics argue that the blanket amnesty granted to ex-militants without prosecution is not only unlawful but also unjust, as it deprives victims and society of closure.

The ongoing challenges of insecurity extend beyond Boko Haram, with banditry, kidnappings, and violence from Fulani herdsmen and other groups affecting various parts of the country. The rising tide of criminality has worsened food insecurity, contributing to rising inflation and poverty across Nigeria.

As insecurity worsens, many are calling for a change in strategy. While rehabilitation programs may be useful for minor insurgents, the state must focus on prosecuting and punishing those responsible for the violence. The promise by Attorney-General Lateef Fagbemi to resume the trial of arrested terrorists is a step in the right direction, but it must be pursued with vigor and transparency. The Nigerian government must prioritize the protection of its citizens and ensure that those responsible for terrorism face justice.